Spring 2021 Catalog

SCIENCE

Earth Science God’s World, Our Home Kevin Nelstead Earth Science: God’s World, Our Home unites a Christian perspective with up-to-date geological science. Topics studied include lunar phases and eclipses; rocks and minerals; volcanoes and earthquakes; weathering, erosion, and soils; landforms and glaciers; geologic history; oceanography; weather and climate; and Christian stewardship. Earth Science features eight, in-depth Experimental Investigations , which range from rock and mineral identification to studying volcanoes with topographical maps.

Where to Purchase? Go online @ chcweb.com/Grade8 for a direct link to purchase this program from the publisher. Earth Science Textbook (2020 ed.) ISBN: 9780986352911 Earth Science Digital Resources Order from classicalacademicpress.com

EIGHTH GRADE

The program consists of a full color textbook and Digital Resources (PDF and Word files). The Digital Resources are essential for the course and provide a complete answer key to the questions in the textbook, an experiment manual, quizzes, exams, and weekly review guides.

Highly Recommended CHC’s daily lesson plans for Earth Science are a must-have! The plans coordinate the text and Digital Resources in a way that is helpful for homeschoolers. These plans are included in CHC Lesson Plans for Eighth Grade (see pg. 17) or can be purchased separately as Earth Science Daily Lesson Plans (see pg. 70).

Cranium (Skull)

Maxilla (Upper Jaw)

Mandible (Lower Jaw)

Vertebrae (Neck Bone)

Clavicle (Collar Bone)

“L OL—I walked into our school room yesterday to see this… apparently science is better with a beagle.” —Jennifer, SC

MUSCULAR AND SKELETAL SYSTEMS

Sternum (Breast Bone)

Humerus (Upper Arm Bone)

Rib Cage (Ribs)

Ilium (Hip)

Pelvis

Samples from Life Science

Femur (Thigh Bone)

Patella (Knee Cap)

Tibia (Shin Bone)

FIGURE 9.18. A FERN FROND The entire fan-like piece of this fern is the frond.

FIGURE 17.8. THE HUMAN SKELETON The skeleton supports muscles, protects organs, stores minerals, and produces blood cells.

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Frond

Chapter 17

FIGURE 9.19. SORI Sori of the western

FIGURE 9.21. WHISK FERN

sword fern ( Polystichum munitum ): a low-power microscopic view of the fern’s sori, the clusters of sporangia which con- tain the spores.

Pinna

sori

Rhizome Spores

FIGURE 9.22. CLUB MOSS Like the ferns this club moss cannot make seeds and must reproduce by spores. Unlike the mosses however, the club moss has a vascular system.

FIGURE 9.20. A TYPICAL FERN All the parts of a fern may be seen in this diagram of the New York fern. Its scientific name is Thelypteris novebora- censis. The plural form of “pinna” is “pinnae.”

Figures 9.18 and 9.20 show the frond of a fern. Each frond is divided into sections which are sometimes mistakenly called leaves. The small parts of the frond are leaflets, correctly termed pinnae. The undersides of some fronds are dotted with small brown bumps called sori , made of clusters of sporangia containing the spores (Figure 9.19). Some ferns have their sori on a separate stalk. You may try to pull up a fern frond and find that it is attached to several neighbors by a horizontal, underground stem called a rhizome . The small, root-like rhizoids anchor the fern to the ground (Figure 9.20). The ferns grow taller than the mosses because of their vascular systems, but they still need a film of water to reproduce. That is why ferns are found with mosses in wet, humid places.

FIGURE 9.23. HORSETAIL Northern giant horsetail ( Equisetum telmateia )

Chapter 9

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