Summer 2024 Catalog

SCIENCE

Earth Science God’s World, Our Home Kevin Nelstead, M.S. Earth Science: God’s World, Our Home unites a Christian perspective with up-to-date geological science. Topics studied include lunar phases and eclipses; rocks and minerals; volcanoes and earthquakes; weathering, erosion, and soils; landforms and glaciers; geological history; oceanography; weather and climate; and Christian stewardship. Earth Science features eight in-depth Experimental Investigations , which range from rock and mineral identification to studying volcanoes with topographical maps.

EIGHTH GRADE

Where to Purchase? Go online @ chcweb.com/Grade8 for direct links to purchase this program. Earth Science Textbook (2nd ed.) ISBN: 9780986352911 Earth Science Digital Resources Order from classicalacademicpress.com

The program consists of a full color textbook and Digital Resources (PDF and Word files). The Digital Resources are essential for the course and provide an Experiment Resource Manual, midterm and final exams, and a complete answer key.

Highly Recommended CHC’s daily lesson plans for Earth Science are a must-have! The plans coordinate the text and Digital Resources in a way that is help ful for homeschoolers. Also includes detailed instructions for writing a research paper on a volcano or earthquake and resources for dis cussing the debate over global warming. These plans are included in CHC Lesson Plans for Eighth Grade (see pg. 17) or can be purchased separately as Earth Science Daily Lesson Plans (see pg. 70).

Cranium (Skull)

Maxilla (Upper Jaw)

Mandible (Lower Jaw)

Vertebrae (Neck Bone)

Clavicle (Collar Bone)

MUSCULAR AND SKELETAL SYSTEMS

Sternum (Breast Bone)

Humerus (Upper Arm Bone)

Rib Cage (Ribs)

Ilium (Hip)

Samples from Life Science

Pelvis

Femur (Thigh Bone)

Patella (Knee Cap)

Tibia (Shin Bone)

FIGURE 9.18. A FERN FROND The entire fan-like piece of this fern is the frond.

Frond

FIGURE 17.8. THE HUMAN SKELETON The skeleton supports muscles, protects organs, stores minerals, and produces blood cells.

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FIGURE 9.19. SORI Sori of the western

Chapter 17

FIGURE 9.21. WHISK FERN

sword fern ( Polystichum munitum ): a low-power microscopic view of the fern’s sori, the clusters of sporangia which con tain the spores.

Pinna

sori

Rhizome Spores

FIGURE 9.22. CLUB MOSS Like the ferns this club moss cannot make seeds and must reproduce by spores. Unlike the mosses however, the club moss has a vascular system.

FIGURE 9.20. A TYPICAL FERN All the parts of a fern may be seen in this diagram of the New York fern. Its scientific name is Thelypteris novebora censis. The plural form of “pinna” is “pinnae.”

Figures 9.18 and 9.20 show the frond of a fern. Each frond is divided into sections which are sometimes mistakenly called leaves. The small parts of the frond are leaflets, correctly termed pinnae. The undersides of some fronds are dotted with small brown bumps called sori , made of clusters of sporangia containing the spores (Figure 9.19). Some ferns have their sori on a separate stalk. You may try to pull up a fern frond and find that it is attached to several neighbors by a horizontal, underground stem called a rhizome . The small, root-like rhizoids anchor the fern to the ground (Figure 9.20). The ferns grow taller than the mosses because of their vascular systems, but they still need a film of water to reproduce. That is why ferns are found with mosses in wet, humid places.

“M Y son in 7th grade doing the big germ experiment in petri dishes - in Life Science . He was so interested in what he saw growing later! This was a very neat experiment that he very much enjoyed!” —Margaret, NY

FIGURE 9.23. HORSETAIL Northern giant horsetail ( Equisetum telmateia )

Chapter 9

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